IRREGULAR VERBS Infinitive
Past
Past Participle
Meaning
arise
arose
arisen
alzarse
be
was/were
been
ser, estar
beat
beat
beaten
batir, golpear
become
became
become
llegar a ser, convertirse
begin
began
begun
empezar
behold
beheld
beheld
contemplar
bend
bent
bent
doblar, torcer
beset
beset
beset
acosar
bet
bet
bet
apostar
bind
bound
bound
vendar
bite
bit
bitten
morder
bleed
bled
bled
sangrar
blow
blew
blown
soplar
break
broke
broken
romper, partir
breed
bred
bred
criar
bring
brought
brought
traer
broadcast
broadcast
broadcast
emitir
build
built
built
construir, edificar
burn
burned, burnt
burned, burnt
quemar, arder
burst
burst
burst
reventarse
buy
bought
bought
comprar
cast
cast
cast
echar
catch
caught
caught
coger, agarrar
choose
chose
chosen
elegir
cling
clung
clung
adherirse
come
came
come
venir
cost
cost
cost
costar
creep
crept
crept
arrastrarse
cut
cut
cut
cortar
deal
dealt
dealt
repartir (cartas), (with) tratar con/de
dig
dug
dug
cavar
do
did
done
hacer
draw
drew
drawn
dibujar
dream
dreamed, dreamt
dreamed, dreamt
soñar
drink
drank
drunk
beber
drive
drove
driven
conducir
dwell
dwelt
dwelt
morar
eat
ate
eaten
comer
fall
fell
fallen
caer
feed
fed
fed
dar de comer
feel
felt
felt
sentirse
fight
fought
fought
luchar, combatir, pelear
find
found
found
encontrar
flee
fled
fled
huir
fling
flung
flung
arrojar
fly
flew
flown
volar
forbid
forbade
forbidden
prohibir
foretell
foretold
fortold
predecir
forget
forgot
forgotten
olvidar
forsake
forsook
forsaken
desamparar
freeze
froze
frozen
helarse
get
got
got – AmE also gotten
conseguir, obtener
give
gave
given
dar
go
went
gone
ir
grind
ground
ground
moler
grow
grew
grown
cultivar
hang
hung
hung
colgar
have
had
had
tener
hear
heard
heard
oír
hit
hit
hit
golpear, pegar
hit
hit
hit
golpear
hold
held
held
agarrar
hurt
hurt
hurt
doler, hacer daño
keep
kept
kept
guardar
kneel
knelt, kneeled
knelt, kneeled
arrodillarse
knit
knit
knit
hacer punto
know
knew
known
saber
lay
laid
laid
posar
lead
led
led
llevar, guiar
lean
leant
leant
apoyarse
leap
leapt, leaped
leapt, leaped
saltar
learn
learned, learnt
learned, learnt
aprender
leave
left
left
abandonar, dejar
lend
lent
lent
prestar
let
let
let
dejar, permitir
lie
lay
lain
tumbarse
light
lit
lit
encender
lose
lost
lost
perder
make
made
made
hacer, fabricar
mean
meant
meant
significar
meet
met
met
encontrar(se) con, conocer
pay
paid
paid
pagar
plead
pled, pleaded
pled, pleaded
alegar, defender
put
put
put
poner, colocar
quit
quit, quitted
quit, quitted
abandonar, dejar
read
read
read
leer
rend
rent
rent
rasgar, desgarrar
ride
rode
ridden
montar
ring
rang
rung
sonar, repicar, telefonear
rise
rose
risen
levantarse, subir
run
ran
run
correr
say
said
said
decir
seek
sought
sought
buscar
sell
sold
sold
vender
send
sent
sent
enviar
set
set
set
colocar
shake
shook
shaken
temblar
shed
shed
shed
despojarse de
shine
shone
shone
brillar
shoot
shot
shot
disparar
show
showed
shown, showed
mostrar
shrink
shrank, shrunk
shrunk, shrunken
encoger(se), reducir(se)
shut
shut
shut
cerrar
sing
sang
sung
cantar
sink
sank
sunk
hundir
sit
sat
sat
sentarse
slay
slew
slain
matar
sleep
slept
slept
dormir
slide
slid
slid
deslizar
sling
slung
slung
lanzar
slink
slunk
slunk
andar furtivamente
smell
smelled, smelt
smelled, smelt
oler
smite
smote
smitten
golpear
sow
sowed
sown
sembrar
speak
spoke
spoken
hablar
speed
sped
sped
acelerar
spell
spelled, spelt
spelled, spelt
deletrear
spend
spent
spent
gastar
spill
spilt
spilt
derramar
spin
spun
spun
hilar
spit
spat
spat
escupir
split
split
split
hender
spoil
spoilt
spoilt
estropear
spread
spread
spread
untar
spring
sprang, AmE also sprung sprung
brincar
steal
stole
stolen
robar
stick
stuck
stuck
pegar, clavar
sting
stung
stung
picar
stink
stank, stunk
stunk
apestar
stride
strode
stridden
dar zancadas
strike
struck
struck
golpear
strive
strove, strived
striven
esforzarse, luchar
swear
swore
sworn
jurar
sweep
swept
swept
barrer
swim
swam
swum
nadar
swing
swang
swung
balancear
take
took
taken
tomar, llevar
teach
taught
taught
enseñar
tear
tore
torn
rasgar
think
thought
thought
pensar, creer
throw
threw
thrown
tirar
thrust
thrust
thrust
impulsar, empujar
tread
trod
trod, trodden
pisotear
understand
understood
understood
entender, comprender
upset
upset
upset
perturbar
wake
woke
woken
despertar
wear
wore
worn
llevar puesto
weep
wept
wept
llorar
wet
wet, wetted
wet, wetted
mojar, humedecer
win
won
won
ganar
wind /wawnd/
wound
wound
ovillar, dar cuerda
wring
wrung
wrung
escurrir, retorcer
write
wrote
written
escribir
