e-Gov & Information Society of Korea - Strategies and Best Practices 3 May 2011

Hyeon-Kon(HyKon) Kim

[email protected]

Executive Director, National IT Policy Division NIA, National Information Society Agency, Korea

Table of Contents

2/40

1

Journey of e-Nation & e-Government

2

Current Status & Evaluation

3

Success Factors & Lessons

4

Best Practices of e-Gov & e-Nation

5

Future of e-Gov & Information Society

6

Challenges & Strategies for Future Success

Uruguay and Korea

KOREA

URUGUAY

3/40

Dream 2000 in 1965

Dream Comes to Reality!

4/40

Presidents, IT Supporters: No Exceptions Park Chunghee

Kim, Young-Sam

(1963~1979)

(1993~1998)

• Targeting IT industry

• Information Superhighway

• TDX project

• CDMA service

• R&D infrastructure

• Informatization framework

Chun Doo-Hwan

Kim, Dae Jung

(1980~1988)

(1998~2003)

• TDX success

• Targeting IT sector again

• National Basic Information System Project

• Internet & Broadband

Rho, Tae-Woo

Roh, Moo-hyun

(1988~1993)

(2003~Present ) • e-Government for Gov Reform

• CDMA standard • Telecom service privatization 5/40

• u-Korea

• e-Government

Lee, Myung-bak (2008~Present ) • Presidential IT Strategy Committee • Smart Work

Brief History of Korea’s IT Policy

1987

1995

2001

2006

Basic Infra

Internet

IT Service

Ubiquitous

•TDX & telephone •National Basic Information System •Semiconductor •CDMA •Public support

•IT Framework Act •MIC & IT Fund •Internet •Broadband •Mobile •Economic Crisis and IT Investment

•e-Government integration •Internet Biz •Cyber community •IT dependent economy

•u-Korea Vision •IT productivity •Services industry

6/40

2010

Smart •Smart Work Strategy •IT Utilization •Smart Korea Vision

IT Diffusion and Social Change IT Policy & Its Outcome: Information Society of Korea 1987

1995

National Basic Info System(’87~’96)

2001

IT Promotion Act(’95) Korea Info Infra(’95~ ) InfoSociety Plan(’96~’00) Cyber Korea 21(’99~’02)

2011

e-Korea Vision 2006(’02~’06) Broadband IT Korea 2007(’03~’07) IT839 Strategy u-Korea Masterplan(2006-2010) IT Korea Masterplan(2008-2012)

Telephone 10M

NatioanlDB (Resident..)

KII Masterplan

PC 10M Internet User 10M

Internet Banking 10M

Broadband Subsciber 10M

1987

1991

1995

1999

2001

2002

PC: 30M Internet: 37M Broadband: 16M Mobile: 50M eBanking: 59M eStock: 59% eSign: 22M

2011

Digital Opportunity Index (DOI): World Number 1!, ITU, 2005-2007 UN e-Government Development Index: 1st out of 192 countries Korea is like a ‘Big Lab’ leading digital age, Eric Schumidt, Google 7/40

IT Diffusion and Social Change: eBanking Internet banking has changed banking business itself! (%)

50 40

(Internet Banking) 36.7

O ffline Co unter

30

27.0

CD/ATM

25.0

Internet B anking

20

11.4

Telebanking

10 0 '02.6

9

Number of transactions

8/40

12

'03.3

6

9

12

'04.3

6

9

12

05.3

6

9

12

06.3

6

9

12

IT Diffusion: Future Forecasting in 2005 2000

2005

2010

Internet Users

44.7%

71.9%

More than 95%?

Portable PC Sales

12.3%(1999)

24.4%

36.3%(2008)

High Speed Internet Users(World)

13.1M

179.5M

430M

Telematics-equipped Car(World)

-

4%

35% (100% in Korea)

BcN Subscribers

-

2M

20M

DTV

-

2.9M

1 DTV/Household

Digital Home

-

1,300

10M(2007)

Intelligent Robot

-

-

1 Robot/Household

Wireless Broadband(WiBro)

-

0.7(2006)

8.85M

Surprisingly Almost Done! 9/40

Our Journey: for e-Nation and e-Government Phase 1: Basic Infrastructure & Digitization (1987-1996) National Basic Information Systems (DB & Network on Resident, Land & Buildings, Education, Banking, …)

Phase 2: Process Informatization (1996-2000) Informatization of Departmental Government Services

Phase 3: Integration & Cross-Agency Projects (2001-Present) Integration of Key Government Processes & Public Services Key Enablers for Government Reform Phase 1

Digitize Government Records (Database Building)

10/40

Phase 2

The Use of IT across Government Bureaus

Phase 3 Integrating Major Government Processes into a Single Service

e-Government 11 Priority Initiatives: 2001-2002 Quality Public Service •Government Portal(G4C) •Social Insurance Service •Home Tax Service (HTS)

Transparent and Efficient Government •National Finance Information System •National Education Information System •Personnel Policy Support •Local Administration System

G2C G2B

G2G

Enhance Business Environment •National e-Procurement System

Advanced Infra •e-Documentation •Digital Signature & e-Seal •Gov’t Information Systems Consolidation 11/40

e-Government Roadmap, 31 Projects: 2003-2007 2003

2007

Service

Integrated Contact Point

Dept1

Dept2

Unique Function

Dept3

Dept3

Dept4

Dept1 Dept2

City/Province

City/Province

Municipality

Common Process Common Platform 12/40

HR

HR

HR

HR

HR

Financial

Financial

Financial

Financial

Financial

Audit

Audit

Audit

Audit

Audit

System System System System System N/W

N/W

N/W

• Shared Use of Information • Integrated System

N/W

N/W

Dept3 Dept4

↔ Municipality

HR System Financial System Audit System Integrated IT Environment E-Government Network

DeptN

New Vision: IT Korea Masterplan 2008-2012 National Vision

Advanced Nation Standing Tall in the International Arena

Vision for Informatization

Advanced Knowledge Information Society of Creativity and Trust

Efficient Government Objective

 Strategy    13/40

Citizen Life Enriched by Digital Technology

Government-led informatization Disconnected & fragmented Focused on positive aspects Expansion-focused policies

Trustworthy Information Society

Creative Soft Power

Advanced Digital Convergence Infrastructure

 Public-Private collaborative governance  Seamless and converged informatization  Active response to adverse effects of informatization  Utilization-focused services for users

Where are we now?: e-Government Evaluation

Integration & Transformation Online Transaction Two-way Interaction Web Presence

2011

2002

Ranked 15th(2002) » 5th(2006) » 1st(2010) out of 192 Countries Source: UN, Benchmarking e-Government, 2002-2010 14/40

Success Factor1: IT Policy Framework Enabling System Legal Framework  Framework Act on Informatization Promotion (FAIP), 1996 Electronic Government Act, 2001Leadership Organizational Arrangement  Informatization Promotion Committee & Subcommittees,1996 Presidential e-Government Committee, 2001- 2007  Presidential Information Society Committee, 2009Action Target Implementation Framework  Departmental IT Action Plan (annual) and Evaluation, 1996 Broadband IT Korea Vision 2007  IT 839 Strategy 2004, u-Korea Masterplan 2006  e-Government Roadmap 2003-2007, IT Korea Masterplan 2008-2012 Central Budget Funding Mechanism  Informatization Promotion Fund -> ICT Promotion Fund: $1B  Central Fund for e-Government (lump-sum): $100M-$300M 15/40

Success Factor2: High Demand Infrastructure Breaking Year when New Technology Demand Dominates the Old 2003 MP3 Market > Music Disc Market 1999 Mobile Phone >Fixed Phone 2004 Internet Banking >CD/ATM Use

2000

2005

Wireless Internet >Wired Internet Portable PC >Desktop PC Digital TV >Analog TV Internet Use >TV Watching

2010

2015

Korean People: Early Adopter of IT, PpalyPpaly Spirit 16/40

e-Gov Evaluation From the World Achieving the World Class e-Government International Awards KISS : UN Public Service Award (’07)

Invil : World e-Gov Forum Award (’06)

KONEPS : WCIT Global Excellence Award (’06) 17/40

Model Case Selection HTS

International Certification KIPOnet

: OECD e-Tax Best Practice (’06)

: WIPO IT Standard (’06)

OPPP : ‘Online Politics

UNIPASS : ISO 9001, 20000

Trophy Top10’ (’06)

(’06)

uTradeHub : ‘World Advanced’

KONEPS : UN/CEFACT Int’l

in APEC Report (’06)

Standard (’05)

Best Practice:

e-Procurement: NaraJangteo (NationalMarket) All bidding procedures are now processed online in a one-stop process  Online bidding: 92%, Online purchase of goods: 99.6% (2005)  A Single System for both 116,183 private companies and 28,149 government agencies Paper-based, manually-handled procurement works raised the necessity to improve efficiency and transparency

Enhanced Efficiency Information on all public biddings One-time registration for bidding for all agencies and bidding documents submitted online Yearly saving of US$ 3 Billion, bidding time reduced from 0.5 days to 1 minute

Glass-like Transparency Bidding and contract information open Open & Real-time checking of procurement processing Reduced face-to-face meeting by work procedure automation

▶ Awarded UN Public Service Award (PSA) in 2003 ▶ Recognized as an international standard by UN/CEFACT in 2005 ▶ Awarded the Global Excellence Award of the public sector in WCIT 2006 18/40

Best Practice:

Information Sharing for Better Services Key administrative information related to people’s daily lives is computerized - Residence registration, real-estate, vehicle, employment, etc.

Administrative Information Database 98% of major administrative information already in database

Increased Convenience Prompt administrative services provided in tax notice, certificate issuance, report, and statistics

Improved Efficiency One-stop service with information sharing among administrative entities Prompt and accurate administrative processing

19/40

Best Practice:

Education Network & e-Learning: NEIS To foster IT-literate manpower and improve educational environment: - computer labs and computer related curriculums at elementary & secondary schools - computerization of library system, academic resources & educational administration

Administrative Information Database 10M-50M communication-network supplied to all 10,400 elementary and secondary schools (100%) 1 PC per 5 students

e-Learning Over 8,000 kinds of educational contents(ex. Edunet) available for citizens e-Learning popular at school

Efficient Education Administration Online processing of educational affairs Online issuance of documents (ex. Diploma) 20/40

Best Practice:

e-Customs: UNI-PASS World’s top-level custom administration being achieved through processinnovation and informatization since 1992 - Export/import declaration, in-port, freight management, drawback, etc.

Time reduction Export: more than 1 day → within 2 minutes Import: 2.5 hours → 1.5 hours ※ United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) recommends 4 hours

Passenger flow acceleration to advanced level 40 minutes (2003) → 15 minutes (2010) ※ International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) recommends 45 minutes

▶ Awarded WCO Trophy 2006 ▶ The World’s first 100% electronic declaration system for exports and imports (96% and 90% in US and Japan, respectively) 21/40

Best Practice:

Patent Online: KIPOnet Patent administration online including application, examination, certificate service, etc.

Service available 24 hours, 365 days Both domestically and internationally

Real-time processing information provided

Online Processing System for PCT

Online issuance of certifications

patent charge refund

PCT online application

Authentication Center

World’s 1st to establish online processing system for PCT World’s 1st to exchange online documents with WIPO In 2005, WIPO joined hands with Korea in developing a system for worldwide use KIPOnet will save US$ 1 Billion every year

PCT : Patent Cooperation Treaty WIPO : World Intellectual Property Organization 22/40

Best Practice:

Home Tax System: HTS Tax payers can manage any tax-related business via Internet or mobile phones

- More than 80% of tax filing, 60% of certificate issuance are processed online

Taxpayers’ participation increased Tax deduction incentive for online tax returns

Productivity and transparency improved Monotonous work and failures in manual handling decreased Face-to-face contacts between taxpayers and officials decreased

Citizen-oriented service provided Services diversified in tax returns, payment, notice, certificate issuance, etc. Mobile services on notice, or status information 23/40

Best Practice:

Government Portal: GovService24 Number of documents and visits have decreased through online civil service - Civil information inquiry, petition & application, document inquiry and issuance, etc.

Civil information inquiry and application Online information services for up to 5,000 kinds of inquiries Online application: 410 kinds (2005) → 592 kinds (2007) - Online business registration, tax payment and its certificates, factory registration, etc.

Online document inquiry and issuance Issuance: 8 kinds (2005) → 34 kinds (2007)

24/40

Best Practice:

Integrated Government IT Center Separately managed information systems in the whole government departments have been consolidated by establishing two Integrated Government IT Centers, as real-time interchangeable dual backup services

Seamless & flawless operation

Enhanced capability of infringement management IGIT Center

Dual system for natural disaster relief

Common services governmentwide 25/40

Best Practice: ASP or Rent IT for SMEs Cloud Computing Services for 3 Million SMEs, started already in 2002 Target: 1 Million (33%) of SMEs by 2008, Monthly Fee 30 US$ No of

ASP Service Increase

Users (company) 700,000

890,000 600,000

730,000 665,934

500,000

577,946

400,000

431,270

300,000 245,190 200,000 100,000 0

26/40

166,225

146,658 109,327 108,181 67,256

15,656 02.3

6

Time 9

12

03.3

6

9

12

04.3

6

9

12

05.6

05.12

06.6

06.12

07.10

Best Practice Worldwide:

Centrelink, Australia

27/40

Best Practice Worldwide:

NHS, National Health Service, UK

28/40

Best Practice Worldwide:

e-Gov Action Plans & Targets, Singapore

29/40

Paradigm Shift: ICT & Value Creation Value

ICT ICT Development

30/40

Paradigm Shift: toward Smart Society Information society

Smart Society

Feature of future society Diffusion of Smart Technology Virtual reality, Intelligent Prosumer, Bio-economy Changes toward Smart Value

Dream Society, High concept/High touch

Increase in social vulnerability Information security and privacy 31/40

Paradigm Shift: New Direction Convergence of system technologies

Single Unit System

CONVERGENCE Change in Technological Environment

creation· accumulation of information

Knowledge utilization & value creation

CREATIVITY Change in Information Environment

32/40

Public-Private Cooperative Governance

Government led policy

COMMUNICATION Change in Policy Environment

Focusing on growth and individuals

communitycentric

TRUST Change in Social Environment

IT, A Core Engine for Smart Innovation: Everlasting Role in the Future  IT will be a driving force that fundamentally changes national and social systems, leading mega trends of future economy and society  IT will be a core mean to proactively deal with uncertainty and crisis in the future

Ensure Economic growth

Speed, Convergence

Network Proactive globalization

33/40

Intelligent

IT potential

Two-way

Transcend time and space

Expand social capital

Advanced social welfare

Enhanced Human resources

Next-Generation e-Government: Future Image

▶ ▶

As-Is

To-Be

Fragmented Services

Shared Services

Provider-oriented services Partial automation of administrative work tasks

▶

Coordination among government agencies

▶

Automation of government services

Electronic Services ▶ ▶

Internet-centered, fragmented service channels Standardized simple services for the public

Ubiquitous Services ▶ ▶

Functional Services ▶ ▶

34/40

Function-oriented agency services Services centered around the central government

Service channels using portable electronic devices Individually-customized intelligent services

Citizen-centric Services ▶ ▶

User - oriented services Integrated services linked with local governments

Next-Generation e-Government: Smart Gov  Customized service for every citizen, and my own government  Two-way government that evolves through communication with citizens User

Change

As-Is

To-Be (Smart GOV)

Approach

Government-set rules (limitation on service hours, designated public office)

My rules (24 hour service, regardless of region, diversify media)

Usage of public offices

Visit several times (office or thru internet) Summit same document for several times

1-time visit Simultaneously perform related service

To receive benefit (such as social welfare and aid)

Need eligibility proof or application by citizen

Service type

Customer-oriented service (general)

Workplace

Office (PC base)

Working at site

Record at office (headquarter)

Way of working (disaster/safety, etc)

Recovery afterwards

Run communication counter

Combined counter (transmit/distribute to the relevant agency)

Reflection to policy

Statistical/comprehensive reflection

Way of communication

One-way (Citizen → Government)

Citizen

Government verifies eligibility before providing aid Individual-oriented service (customized)

Public officer

Communication with citizens

35/40

Regardless of location (Smart work or mobile service) Record/manage at site in real-time Prevention & forecast Consolidated counter /direct registration Selective direct reflectiton Two-way (Reply on result of reflection on policy)

e-Gov Evolution: toward iGov & sGov

mGovernment Mobile

eGovernment Electronic

or

tGovernment Digital TV

36/40

iGovernment Intelligent

sGovernment Smart

Final Goal of e-Gov: Delete e and Move e!

The final goal of eGov, OECD

Delete “e” from eGovernment Principles of eGov, Dubai Move “e” from the front to the back

eGovernment → Government Excellence

37/40

Strategies for Success: Basic IT Policy

Vision & Target Setting

IT Infrastructure

Priority Programs

38/40

Human Infrastructure

Top-level Leadership

Funding Mechanism

Strategies for Success: More Issues

39/40

Strategies for Success: Business-Oriented e-Government

Smarter Government

Quantity

Quantity

Quality

Quality

Business -Oriented

Use Satisfaction Easy/Convenient Offline/Online

Use Satisfaction

Not Just Technology-Oriented!

Value Creation Business-focused All Stakeholders

Never Changing Principle!

Easy/Convenient Offline/Online Value Creation Business-focused All Stakeholders

Daily Activity

Daily Activity

Transparency/Responsiveness

Transparency/Responsiveness

User Trust 40/40

Kim’s 12 Conditions for e-Gov Success

User Trust

e-Gov & Information Society of Korea - Strategies and Best Practices -

Thank You