REDES TEMA 5: LAS CAPAS DE RED Y DE TRANSPORTE

La capa de red es la capa que se ocupa de la transmisión extremo a extremo de la ..... Una posibilidad es tener una máquina de respaldo, pero esto conlleva.
605KB Größe 619 Downloads 82 vistas
! % '

(

)

!

' ' ''

" ! #

" ! # *

%

#

#,

#

!+

$ & & . .

# +!

! '

/

" # #

$ %

"

& $ " '& 0

/

'

/

( +

)&** '& ,

1

&

2

+ -& * &$ )

. ) 1

0

1 * &$ )

. )

/ .

2

.

&

( # !%

(!

!( #

! # (

7

)

9

5* #

6! !

#

+ 8 "

) #

,

( 6! !

0 '

> ;?

?

+

+

+

+

!(

( 8

)# %

( #

4' 0 '

'

+= : ? ! 6! 8 * 6! (! ! # , 6! ( (

!

( #

'

# 2
" ? # ( ) * # * #%! #< : 8 * 6! 7! * (!

8 +5 ( ( 57 ; *

#

( # %< # ## ? 5 6! #" 5 # ( +# 7

34(5%

1 ! " ( ( # !+ ? #

#

(! #

%

( ) *

! ! + #

( #

(

(@+# ( ( ! (

(

( ? # +

" " +5

5

9 (

:( > 6! (

#

* 7

#

6! (

E "=

(# F 3; # ( # !! ? # #< # #< # !+ ? # " ( # !+

#

# !! ( (

"

7

( " !

( :( :#

!

!

7

#" ! & ;

" % ( 9) ? (

# +

6! ! " # 5 > (# ? # ; # ;*" "

> #!# $

"

9) ?

#

9) * #!# $ :A

(




(#

?

#!# $ "%# " "< ( 6! "< ! " ( %! 6! # #

!

( (

( !

# ##

#

#

#* #" ! & :A ; ) G

$ 9) 4

) G

"%#

$ 9)

9) 4

) G

#" ! & :A ;

4

) G

4

)* #" ! & :A ; ) G

$ 9) 4

) G 7

) G ) G ) G

7

+;

#!# $

) G

"%#

$ 9)

9)

9) 4 9) 4

(!

) G

9) 4

G

9) 4

4

) G

9) 4

) G

9) 4

(!

#" ! & :A ;

G

4

) G

4

9) 4 9) 4

$

" $ " ' (" + > + ! #!# $ "%# " $ " ' ("? (! 7 ! 6! # " ## % %! ? !(# * ? ( 6! # #< 7< ) !* 7 +# 7! 7 ( # !( # D ? # !(# ? ( 8 6! # #< 7 +# + % # ( %! # ( 6! ? (! ( ? !(# + ( # ? # # ! "= ( # 7 +# ( 7 ## # ( ( ! !# + 7! 6! # " # 7 +# + 7! (# > # ( # ? ( # ( 5 ? ! 6! # 5 @ 6! ! 9) # = " ! 8 ( 6! # ( ? ( +# 6! ! 6! # "< ( 6! 6! # +# ? "< * # + ) ! 9) # ? # 6! #!% ! ( 7 34(5%

'

;

#!# $

$

" " ' ("? ( ? (

$ " ' (" + > + " $ # # + %! # ( 6! # ( # + 5 (# 6! # ( # ( +# ) ? %! # ( ) 8 )# % # ( # %! ( +# !(# ? # ! # ( ( , ## " + # + ( ! 6! + # 9) * 7 6! # # (

+"# #!# $ "%# ! 9 ) 7 +# 7 +# # ( 6! ( ! # ( # # ? 6! ? 9) ?# 8 + ! # (

* #" ! & :A ; ) G

7

) G ) G ) G

7

$ 9) 4

4

9)

4

) G

9) 4

4

) G

4

) G

4

) G

4

) G

4

) G

4

) G

4

) G

9) 4

#" ! & :A ;

$ 9)

) G

9) 4

) G

"%# 9)

(!

) G

9) 4

G

9) 4

) G

(!

4

) G

4

) G

9) 4

G

9) 4

4

$* #" ! & :A ; ) G

$

"%# 9)

9) 4

) G 7

) G ) G

9) 4

4

) G

(!

4

) G

9) 4

#" ! & :A ;

9)

9) 4

) G ) G

7

$ 9)

4

4

) G

9) 4

G

9) 4

) G

4

) G

4

) G

4

(!

) G

9) 4

G

9) 4

) G ) G

7

) G

9) 4

) G ) G

9) 4 ) G 7

;

#!# $

) G

4

) G ) G

4 9) 4 9) 4

$ " " $ " ' ("? (# H ( H ( 5# % + # * 6! ! 9) 6! 6! < 8 + ! # ( " # ## % ( ? * 6! 9 5

) G (!

G

4

4 (!

4

) G

9) 4

G

9) 4

9) 4 9) 4

$ " ' (" + > + +"# #!# $ "%# (! ! (# ) !* ## # ( 6! 8 # ( ( ( # + % ! # ( +# # # ( ) + > + ( # 6! 6! # 9) # 9 #! # ( ) 9) ( # ( ##5 # ( ) ( " 34(5%

0

7! ! 9 7! ! + < 6! # # 8

! # !( # 7 +#

( #

"

)

#

( #

(# ? !

9

(

,#" -# (" "& "# $ %# #!# $ " ," + >

6!

(

"

6!

$ 7

#

(

? 8 * 6! (

(

#!% ( %! $ $ ".+&# (" $ +& * ".+&# (" $ !#/+ & ? += # * "< : 7 I ; # ( ? # +# # ! ) ?# # 7< 6! ! + 9 6! " ( ! 9 #! " 8 6! # 9) #+ ? * " ! # ( # # ( # # 7 ) # ! ) ( 6! ? + > 7 ( 6! * # # 8 6! # "< 8 ! 7 # $

$

!

)

!

!

)

( 6!

43 4

4$ B

B

40

2

2

4 4'

4&

4C

C A

! 6! ! ( " 7#!> 6! ! ( " %

, # %
?# # 7 ## * # % ) 6!

?

#

! ( 6! ( !

9) " ( 5 " > !+ % # !+ !

(

?

7

5 " ! #

+!

*

# ( 6! 6! !# ( ! ! " ! # %! ( # "= # !+ ? + < 8 ) 9( ( 6! ( ! # ! " ! # + 6! ( "= =# + 5 ! +# ? ! ( ! " ! # + ( 6! 6! !# ( # !+ ? + 5 ! ( # @ ! " ! #? 5 # ( ! # ( 6! ## %! ! ?= 5 # #< ( # 6! ## %)? < # @ # ! " ! # 7 ) ? 9( 5 # ( 6! # ( ( !

(

! 6! #

7 #, # ! #, (! #,

)

!

! ! #,

" ! #? 8 + 5 6! ) ! +#

8 8 34(5%

$

# 6! ! # ! " ! # ? * 6! = 6!= # + ! #, ( += ! (# ( # ( 6! !

# +# !

% ! ( 6!

1 " ! # 6!

? #

!

" ! # ( % * # 8

?#

! ! #, # +# #

*#

( ;? #

> (

+

# !

## %

##

!

# % ! ! ) # ( 6! ( ! + ( #(

+

+# +# 6!

! " > * ! " ## # !+ ? # ! ) # 6! # + # (

7!

#

= ! " ! # (! ( : #

# "=

9(

% ! 6!

(#

*#

! " ! # ! #, @ ( 7 # % * # # ( 6! D ? # 8 8 6! ( 7 ! " ! #? (! ?! + > ( " 8 # 8 >

# )

#

+

# ! #!% ? # 5 ! # ( +# ! " ! # ?( # !

9

+ 5 ! #
( % (

6! 6! ## % # ?# !

( 56!

# # #

( 6! ! # ,

* < #" > (

6! ## ( + 6!= #
8 * + # 6! ## " 6! #%! +# )

57

5 !*

+

#

> ( 6! ( +

#

#
? %# # #, *(

# 5 #

#

#

( 6! !+ ( 9) ( # *#

(# ! ) #

# ( () (

# #

! %! 5 D # " # +) #!# $ ! #6! # ## % ! 9( * 8

( " "& # !

#

9) ? !+

( 7
+ E > # !+ * # !+ ( # >! 7 ( # #

" !+ (

7 #

?

7

#

)

*M

(

( 7! 7!

? @ 5 (# > ! #, # ( # # 8 8 7 7 ( # ( 6! ? ( + ? # ? ! ( ! " 9 ! % @ ?

?#

?

#

$

# 6!

#

!

? 9 ) ! + > * #

2 ! #& *E ! + " ! # D # #= ? * 9 +# # % ! 2) $, *E ! * 9( (# *# ( # #! # ! 7# # ?# 7

" #. "#$ + # * 7 %! !

2 +& *E ( 9( ( 6! !5#

( 6! ! " 6! ( #

( (

6! ( !

6! (! +

: " # 7< % ( (

7

;

# +#

)# 6!

+# #

(

: " #

# (! (! +

7 ( # @ #

#

; # # %# 2,#& 3#4*E += @ ( # ( 0*( ( > (# " ( #

# ? 7< 6! " 7! +5 ( 7< ( 6!

#

; (

!

# ) % ? (!

9(

8

!

#

( ': " # ;* # 6! # 9) : ; !+ #%! * ! 8 ( " # :/ I *; ) 5 ! ) (

" 9) !

# ( 6!

!( !

#( 34(5%

# L

( : (

#

# (!

;

!! 6! ! 7 M ? F 0LL +

? #( #

#

? 1

# ! #, # # 6! ( # ) (# : (# # # +

"

"

!

!

#

#

9) % 6!

8 + > #;

7

"

"

!

!

#

#

-

. /

0

*

*+

*$

"

"

"

"

!

!

!

!

#

#

#

#

#

#% #

#

#

'

#

#

#

#%

#%)

#%)

#

# )

# )

'

&

$ %

$ %

" #. "#. "& ! # # !# # ! 5 )( #, 77# 8 6! # # + ( 6! ! % 7 # !+ ? #< ! ) # 5 @ (

7 ;

6! +#

#

(#

!

#% #

8 # 5 ? +

# # 6!

(

#, 5

* ?

# !# ( ( " ! ?* ! (

( % ! 6! 9

6!

$ %

1$ 2 2 $ 1

1

&

* # (

!

?

! ( ) (! #! % 7 > # ! ) ! ! 6! " #% ! ? # #% )#

##

7

#

(

5

E @

#

:

"

;

K

#

(

; # # # (

#

#

% #. " .0

+; # ;

#

,

( ' $ %

$ %

+ +

? #

*

8

% 8 #

#? # + (

( + 6! ? (

?

# *

)

? # 57

( ?


A 5 A * % # !+ 5 #

? >! ! #< K? ( ! # ! # ? 5

8

6! 6! # A? + # # #< K ! # ! #6!

#!

#

# #

#

!

#< #

! # %

0 > (

!

" # ? + 6! A ! ! #8 # 57 8 ( ?

"+"$# (" ! (

9

# ? # 6! ( 6! 6! ## % # ? 9 ( ( # 6! ## %) # ! ) % ! @ +# ( 6! !(# J 8 8 ?! @ 7 ? 6! #%! # ! # # + # ( 6! ? # ! # # ? 85 # ( 6! ! # ## %! # ? # 8 +5 #, ! " # ( # % * # # ? (! # # " # # ( ? ? # " # # 5 (# # !+ #%! #%!

#

#

#
+#

( #%

(#

+

# +

! "

#

#

" #

"

#%

! ) !# (# ? (# #8 8 6! " +! ? #%! " ? !* ?# !

! ?#

)

6!

!

( #

!* ( 5 ? ( < # # +! , 6! 7 (! ! ! #, ) (! % ! #

5 (5 ? # ( 6! )# ( 6! ##

! #
6!
(# ? +!77 ( ! " ! #( ) ?( ! @(# 9 ! "! #" # 8 6! # 6! # ! + )# % 7 6! 5 + # ( ! + ? +!77 6! " # # @ 59 ! + ( ! " ! #( # % ) 8

!

" ! # 6! ( ( ! !7 =#? # ! ) ( 6! ## % !* ( + ?8 *! 7 ( " +# ! % ( ? 8 * ( % ) # ! +# ? * 6! # 57 8 " + ?8 *! ! 7 ( 6! # ! % # 9 ) 6! (! ! #, ( 5 ! " 34(5%

# #

'

9) ? ! ! !

# 7

#

+ # % ! " ! # ( +# # 6! ( ( +#

! #%! 6! +#

5

!(

#%!

? 9

#

( " ? #%! !

+ 5

(

6!

#+

!

! >! +!77 !+ )# # ! # , !* ( 6! D * ! 8

% 6! ## +

! 7>

# & $ !#/+ & ?

+ #! ( # 9 #!% ( +# # ? (# " 9) ? 8 * 5 6! 8 E # % ) # ( 6! # !+ 7 ! #%@ #!% + 58 + ! ( # ( 6! ( 6! (! ( +# 8 6! # 6! ) # ( 6! ( * # ( 6! 8 6! +

( 6! * 7 ! (# 9) ? (!= ( !

(! ! ( 6! +!77 (

## %! " ( ( 6!

#

"

( 6! # % E # ! + ? ( < #+ # +!77 +# ? ( 5 9 # ( 6! ! +!77 ( #< ? #7

## % ! # !+ ! #" "

6!

# ( 6! 6! + % ? # #! ) ( (

6! ## %!

# % ) ! %# ( ! #6! %# ? ! ( +# ? 6!

6! !5 # #< %

"

# + 5 # ( ##

( 6! ? ! ( 6!

"
#( !( ) +5 !# (# 9 ) !( ) ) * !( (

(

#( (# 7 # !

" (

(#

#

* !# (# 9

)

#

8

)

J#

*'

(

(

(

# ? )

(

#

" 5 (# >

( " ( (# ? 6! (!

5 (! ! ## %

7!

)

" +

#

#

#

! ) 7 +# ? ( ! "

7 +#

34(5%

$

!

" !(

6! !

" (#

> (

"

#

(!

8

( # !

# (

#

( ! #

! "

#

2 %!

7

> %! F 3

D

+

*#

(5

#

#

!

2 D

#

#

" LLO # * (

"#. "& ! +

! !! 9) 7 #

(

# ! !! %!

( 7

; $ "& 6 # (" $ + +# (

#, ! ( ? #! !

) E

E ! # %! !

! @ !!

+; $ "& 6 # (" $ %# "& $#$ $ & #" ! & E ) )# 8 * ! ( !! 8 * 5 ! :( * ; # ( # ; $ "& 6 # (" $ %# * # ! ) # 5

7

&# ("E %# + #

!

(!

(

" (

# ) @

7

# 6! # * 6! # ! #

7

)

# %!

6!

)

+%& !% '# (" ( !# (# 9 ( "

# 7 , !# (# 9 ) ? ) *

) M #

# %!

(

!( ? ? @# (# ! ! ( @

" ? # 7! ( # !# (# 9 ) " 9 ! @ 9) !! + " ( 7 ! ? + # @#

(#

!

! (!

# !! 9

7!

)

# (!

# (

+

!

(! 9)

# !# 5

+

"& % $ 6%+1 +

# !# +

( ;

# (

+; # # 6! #! #,

#

7#!> # (# > (

# 7#!> * # "

!(

(

# ,

#

#

)

#

) (

?"

! #6! ( #%!

# (

" # E

7!

## ?

!!

(

#

? #

%

#

%

*?

+# #! ) ( #

; 1

D 7>

+; 1

D "

+#

# 6! #

(

!

" 9

%

)

"

? E

= 34(5%

&

# ( D 7> * ( ! # ( 6! #%! # ( 6!

# * 7

&#)%

#

*

+;

#

%

?

)

8 # +#

6! #

! #,

(

!

+

6! ## % # # " ?

9)

+>

"

*#+ +# !

%!

#

9

#

( 5

! 6! # + 5 5

" ' ("

(

#

:

! ?

D

9 9) "

( E

?

#

#

(

#

9) : (

(

+# ) , P (

! #! # 6! # , * # P 9) * # " 6! # ! ) # ( ; " ? (! 9 5 # ## %! # P # ! 9) # "


(# # * 6! ! %! * 8 *# #! ! ( #

#" ! & #

$ "#$ 8 #

(! #

( %

"

# # +# ( +# 9)

6! #

#

%

(!

## % (

?

+

#

#

%

## %

! #6! + 5 # 6!= " # + * "! # : "< " +# !

D

!

(" $ $+!% #$ ! !

# @ ! ! # +* 6! " ( ) # % + ? ! 6! ( %#, " " ! B( @ ! 7 #

% (

# 6!

5 )

# ) %

(

(

!

5 #

"
5+ 5 ! ( # % ) ?( " 5 ! " 6! 5 ! # # # 6! ( " ! ( ( ( +# 7> ?( ( , 7! ) # # ? ( +# ( * 6! " # 7 ! !# " : ( % ; * + 6! 7 # % ! " # ( 5 # + 5( # # %!

#

#

#

# 6! +# # %

* 6! ! 2 ) 8 D

+

%

!

# ( +

#

% 7!

2

& #" . (" 4 $ &

& #" . ("

(

#

6! ?

# #

# ! ? ! 6! 9 ( +# : % ; 5? # ( + 5 7 # B ! ) %! # % ! ) 8 ! 7 ) ! !# " 6! %