06.12.2018

CLIPPING INTERNACIONAL NEGINT Brasília, 06 de dezembro de 2018

Índice I. OMC _______________________________________________ 2 WTO chief warns of economic danger of trade war ______________________ 2 II. NEGOCIAÇÕES REGIONAIS E BILATERAIS _________________ 3 China Says It's Implementing Deals Done With U.S. on Trade _____________ 3 III. OUTROS ____________________________________________ 4 El Mercosur aún apuesta en firmar el acuerdo con la UE antes de fin de año _ 4

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I. OMC WTO chief warns of economic danger of trade war Channel News Asia (Cingapura) All countries will lose in a global trade war, the head of the world's trade referee warned in a speech on Wednesday (Dec 6). Under attack from US President Donald Trump, the head of the World Trade Organization, Roberto Azevedo, acknowledged that reforms are needed, but rejected criticism that trade is the main cause of job losses. Azevedo welcomed the commitment by the Group of 20 over the weekend in Buenos Aires to reform the WTO to better preside over the modern trading system, saying the "system can be better." But as the Trump administration has aggressively imposed punitive tariffs on trading partners, especially on China, with the goal of reducing the US trade deficit, Azevedo said that "we have to get away from the idea that trade is a zero-sum proposition." "It is not. Everyone can benefit," he said in a speech to the National Foreign Trade Council. He welcomed the US-China truce reached in Buenos Aires, and the commitment to reach a deal to defuse the conflict between the world's two biggest economies. The alternative of escalating the trade conflict would undermine the global economic recovery, he said. The "outcome in all simulations is that trade and economic growth will slow down and that all countries, without exceptions, will lose out in a global trade war," Azevedo said. That is a warning the International Monetary Fund also has issued. Azevedo acknowledged the growing anxiety in a changing economy, but stressed that most of the job losses are due to technological change, rather than trade. 2

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Trade is "an engine of growth, productivity, innovation, job creation," he said. The Trump administration has blocked the workings of the WTO dispute arbitration system. Azevedo again flagged the dangers of that path, saying it could undermine the WTO. But he said that after the agreement by the G20, "I believe that this is a once-in-a-generation opportunity to renew the trading system."

II. NEGOCIAÇÕES REGIONAIS E BILATERAIS China Says It's Implementing Deals Done With U.S. on Trade Bloomberg (Estados Unidos) China and the U.S. have reached agreement in the sectors of agriculture, autos, and energy, and China will immediately start implementing that consensus, a government spokesman said. "China will start from agricultural products, autos and energy to immediately implement specific items that China and the U.S. have agreed upon," Ministry of Commerce Spokesman Gao Feng told reporters in Beijing. "In the next 90 days we will work in accordance with the clear timetable and road map to negotiate in areas where both sides have an interest and there are mutual benefits, such as intellectual property rights protection, technology cooperation, market access, and the trade balance." The comments provide some detail on how the talks are progressing, five days after the two nations’ leaders met in Argentina to try and calm tensions and broker a deal. There’s no official, confirmed statement of what China agreed as part of the deal, although U.S. President Donald Trump tweeted that China had already agreed to lower tariffs on American cars, and Bloomberg reported on Wednesday that China was preparing to restart imports of U.S. soybeans and LNG.

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When asked for details on car tariffs, Gao repeated the above statement and suggested watching for an announcement from the State Council’s tariff committee. He also declined to comment on the detention of Huawei Technologies Co.’s chief financial officer on Thursday in Canada over potential violations of U.S. sanctions on Iran. China and the U.S. will work on intellectual property rights protection, technology cooperation, market access issues and the trade balance in the next 90 days, Gao said, adding that China’s goal is to remove all new tariffs within that period. China is fully confident that it can reach a trade deal with the U.S. within the 90 days set for talks, Gao said. The Chinese and American trade teams have good communication and have already reached a high level of consensus, he added.

III. OUTROS El Mercosur aún apuesta en firmar el acuerdo con la UE antes de fin de año El Diario (Espanha) El canciller uruguayo, Rodolfo Nin Novoa, cuyo país ejerce la presidencia semestral del Mercosur, dijo hoy en Brasilia que el bloque continúa empeñado en "cerrar" el acuerdo comercial con la Unión Europea (UE) este mismo año. "Tenemos muchas expectativas de cerrarlo (este mismo año), pero no vamos a poner fechas de cierre", declaró Nin Novoa junto a sus homólogos de Argentina, Jorge Faurie; Paraguay, Luis Alberto Castiglioni, y Brasil, Aloysio Nunes, quien sirve como anfitrión de una reunión de cancilleres de los cuatro países del Mercosur. Según Nin Novoa, si no se pudiese concluir la negociación antes de fin de año, el término del proceso quedaría pendiente para "los primeros tres meses" de 2019, pues sería preferible que acabe antes de las elecciones parlamentarias europeas, previstas para mayo.

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El canciller uruguayo explicó que actualmente se analizan "dos niveles de temas", tanto técnicos como políticos. "Los temas más complejos son las asimetrías" en cuanto al acceso a los mercados que ofrecen una y otra parte, dijo. Según explicó, mientras el Mercosur ofrece a los europeos un más amplio acceso a sus mercados, la UE sólo pone sobre la mesa "algunas porciones". También señaló que "otro tema es que la UE tiene un nivel de subsidios para su producción que hace desventajosa la negociación" para el Mercosur y que aún debe ser discutido a nivel técnico. Nin Novoa no aclaró los puntos "políticos" que deben ser discutidos, pero dio a entender que la proximidad de las elecciones europeas de mayo están entre ellos, pues un cambio en la composición actual del Parlamento del bloque comunitario pudiera influir en las discusiones. El canciller uruguayo evitó comentar las declaraciones del presidente de Francia, Emmanuel Macron, quien supeditó el apoyo de su país a las negociaciones a la posición que finalmente adopte el presidente electo de Brasil, Jair Bolsonaro, sobre el Acuerdo de París contra el Cambio Climático. Según Macron, Francia no será favorable a "que se firmen acuerdos comerciales amplios" con países opuestos al Acuerdo de París, que ha sido criticado por el ultraderechista Bolsonaro, quien hasta sugirió que Brasil puede abandonar ese pacto global que ya ha ratificado. "No es oportuno que los cancilleres hablen de las declaraciones de los presidentes", dijo Nin Novoa. Sobre ese punto, añadió que en Brasil hubo una elección y que las "decisiones de los pueblos deben ser respetadas". También explicó que, en forma individual, tanto él como otros de los cancilleres del Mercosur se han reunido con el futuro ministro de Relaciones Exteriores de Brasil, Ernesto Araújo, aunque no reveló el tenor de las conversaciones.

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