Mexico

Region of the Americas

I. Epidemiological profile Population (UN) Number of active foci

2015

%

50

Number of people living within active foci

4,470,000

4

Malaria-free (0 cases)

122,550,000

96

Total

127,020,000

Parasites and vectors Plasmodium species:

P. falciparum (0%), P.vivax (100%)

Major anopheles species:

An. pseudopunctipennis, An. albimanus, An. darlingi, An. punctimacula, An. punctimacula

Reported confirmed cases (health facility):

517

Confirmed cases at community level:

-

Reported deaths:

0

Estimated cases:

560 [530 ; 630]

Estimated deaths:

0

II. Intervention policies and strategies Intervention

Policies/strategies

ITN IRS

Yes/No

Adopted

ITNs/ LLINs distributed free of charge

Yes

ITNs/ LLINs distributed to all age groups

Yes

2012 2012

IRS is recommended

No

DDT is authorized for IRS

Antimalarial treatment policy

Medicine

Year adopted

-

-

First-line treatment of P. falciparum

CQ+PQ

-

-

Treatment failure of P. falciparum

AL+QN

-

No

-

Treatment of severe malaria

AL

-

CQ+PQ

-

First-line treatment of unconfirmed malaria

Larval control

Use of larval control recommended

Yes

-

Treatment of P. vivax

IPT

IPT used to prevent malaria during pregnancy

N/A

-

Dosage of Primaquine for radical treatment of P. vivax

Diagnosis

Patients of all ages should receive diagnostic test

Yes

1957

Malaria diagnosis is free of charge in the public sector

Yes

-

ACT is free of charge for all ages in public sector

Yes

1957

Never allowed

-

Single dose of primaquine is used as gametocidal medicine for P. falciparum

Yes

1962

Primaquine is used for radical treatment of P. vivax

Yes

1962

No

-

Directly observed treatment with primaquine is undertaken

Yes

1999

System for monitoring adverse reactions to antimalarials exists

Yes

1962

ACD for case investigation (reactive)

Yes

2000

ACD of febrile cases at community level (pro-active)

Yes

1962

No

-

Uncomplicated P. falciparum cases routinely admitted

Yes

-

Uncomplicated P. vivax cases routinely admitted

Yes

-

Foci and case investigation undertaken

Yes

-

Case reporting from private sector is mandatory

Yes

1984

Treatment

The sale of oral artemisinin-based monotherapies (oAMTs)

G6PD test is a requirement before treatment with primaquine

Surveillance

Mass screening is undertaken

III. Financing

0.25 mg/Kg (14 days)

Type pf RDT used

-

Therapeutic efficacy tests (clinical and parasitological failure, %) Medicine CQ+PQ

Year

Min

Median

Max

2008-2009

0

0

0

Follow-up

No of studies

28 days

1

Species P. vivax

Insecticide susceptibility bioassays (reported resistance to at least one insecticide for any vector at any locality)

Year

Pyrethroid DDT Carbamate Organophosphate Species/complex tested

2010–2014

Sources of financing

Government expenditure by intervention in 2015

Contribution ($USm)

50 Insecticides & spray materials ITNs Diagnostic testing Antimalarial medicines Monitoring and Evaluation Human Resources & Technical Assistance Management and other costs

40 30 20 10

Pie chart includes 99% of total expenditures

0 2005

2006

Gov. expend.

2007

2008

Global Fund

2010

World Bank

IV. Coverage

2011

USAID/PMI

2012

2013

WHO/UNICEF

2014

2015

Others

Coverage of ITN and IRS

Cases tested

100

100

80

80

Supected cases (%)

Population (%)

2009

60 40 20 0 2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

At high risk protected with ITNs Households with at least one ITN (survey)

2011

2012

2013

2014

60 40 20 0 2005

2015

2006

2007

2008

2009

80

80

60

60

(%)

Case (%)

100

40

40

20

20

0

0 2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

2014

2005

2015

2013

2014

2015

2008

2009

2010

2011

Cases investigated

2012

2013

2014

2015

Foci investigated

Number of malaria cases

0.2

200

0.15

150

0.1

100

0.05

3,000

2,000

Cases

250

ABER (%)

Positivity rate (%)

2007

Confirmed malaria cases per 1000 and ABER

0.25

0 2005

2006

Reporting completenes

Antimalarials distributed vs reported cases Primaquine distributed vs reported P. v. cases

V. Impact

2012

Cases tracked

100

2006

2011

All ages who slept under an ITN (survey) At high risk protected with IRS

Cases treated

2005

2010

1,000

50 0

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

ABER (microscopy & RDT) RDT positivity rate

2011

2012

Slide positivity rate

Notes: Reported confirmed cases and reported deaths are indigenous only

2013

2014

2015

0 2005

2006

2007

Total cases Indigenous case (P.vivax)

2008

2009

Imported cases

2010

2011

2012

2013

2014

Indigenous case (P.falciparum)

2015