PRIMERA JORNADA DE ALMACENAMIENTO DE ENERGÍA DEL CONSEJO NACIONAL DE OPERACIÓN-CNO DESARROLLO DE LOS SISTEMAS BEES-BATTERY ENERGY STORAGE SYSTEMS, COMO ELEMENTOS DE FLEXIBILIDAD PARA LA OPERACIÓN DE LOS SISTEMAS DE POTENCIA.

Dr. David Elizondo May 15, 2017 Bogota, Colombia

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Agenda Introducción y principales temas a compartir Panorama de la tecnología y su desarrollo • Breve historia de la evolución del BESS • Principales aplicaciones de BESS – estadísticas del DOE de EE. UU.

Principales características técnicas de BESS • Respuesta de inyección MW más rápida y mejor • Como BESS puede aportar flexibilidad a los sistemas eléctricos

Experiencia de aplicaciones BESS - Historias de éxito BESS como un elemento facilitador de flexibilidad operativa • Regulación de la frecuencia; integración de energías renovables

Conclusiones y siguientes pasos. Confidential & Proprietary | Copyright © 2017

Slide 2

Introducción y principales temas a compartir ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■

Que es flexibilidad en la operación? Hasta que punto BESS pueden incrementar la flexibilidad de los sistemas eléctricos de potencia? Son BESS la “panacea*” de los sistemas de potencia modernos? Cuales son los “ingredientes típicos” para que un proyecto BESS sea técnico y económico y regulatoriamente efectivo? A donde va USA y otros países en el tema de BESS? A donde va Colombia con la evaluación e implementación de esta tecnología? Como podemos seguir avanzando? • Lo mejor esta por venir

* Un remedio que alivia todas las dificultades

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Slide 3

Que es flexibilidad en la operación? ■

La capacidad del sistema eléctrico de potencia de responder a la demanda en tiempo real, manteniendo las condiciones operativas de confiabilidad, seguridad, y economía. Energy Operations Planning Renewable Generation

Flexible Energy Systems

Distribution expansion

Generation Expansion

Transmission expansion planning

Distributed Generation

Demand as active actor Energy Planning

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Fuente: Visión de la Planeación de Sistemas de Energía Flexible. 2012-2013. Proyecto para XM realizado por Quanta Technology. Slide 4

Agenda Introducción y principales temas a compartir Panorama de la tecnología y su desarrollo • Breve historia de la evolución del BESS • Principales aplicaciones de BESS – estadísticas del DOE de EE. UU.

Principales características técnicas de BESS • Respuesta de inyección MW más rápida y mejor • Como BESS puede aportar flexibilidad a los sistemas eléctricos

Experiencia de aplicaciones BESS - Historias de éxito BESS como un elemento facilitador de flexibilidad operativa • Regulación de la frecuencia; integración de energías renovables

Conclusiones y siguientes pasos. Confidential & Proprietary | Copyright © 2017

Slide 5

Presentation focus: on practical & emerging technologies ■

The presentation focus on electro-chemical storage or batteries including the following types of Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESS):

Internal storage

■

External storage

Low Temperature Battery

Redox -Flow

• Lithium Ion • Lead Acid • Nickel Cadmium

• Vanadium • Zinc Bromine

High Temperature Battery

Gas Storage

• Sodium Sulphur (NaS) • Sodium -Nickel Chloride (NaNiCl2)

• Hydrogen • Methanation

The presentation focus on proven technologies that are already in service in electric power systems around the world • These include the ones marked with red fonts • Lithium-Ion is the technology with fastest market growth

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Slide 6

Technology Momentum ■

Lithium Ion battery (LIB) is showing increasing market installed base

U.S. Battery Storage Installation by Chemistry*

Global Battery ESS Shipment by Type (MWh)

MW

120

100 80

Lithium Ion Battery Lead Acid Battery

60 40 20 0 2003 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 Source: DOE Global Energy Storage Database * Battery storage projects under 1 MW in the database were not included.

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Slide 7

Global Electro-Chemical Projects ■

Electro Chemical installed base reached 1.7GW and 705 projects in 2016

■

USA has the most projects, followed by Western Europe and SE Asia.

33 151 32

136

6

207

5

97 46

34

Source: US Department of Energy database.

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Slide 8

Top 10 Countries – Electro-Chemical

Source: US Department of Energy database.

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Slide 9

USA Electro-Chemical Projects

Source: US Department of Energy database.

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Slide 10

Las tecnologías de almacenamiento: Aplicaciones ■ ■ ■

There is a significant amount of research regarding BESS applications Difference sources document slightly differently the applications, particularly when comparing the American continent, Europe and Asia Sandia National Laboratory in USA documented 17 applications, which depend on a number of items such as: • •

■

the energy matrix (hydro based systems, thermal systems, among others) The market structure and design (types of products in the market and how they are compensated)

The applications will be presented next

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Slide 11

Principales Aplicaciones de BESS- Sandia Electric Energy Supply

• Electric Energy Time-Shift • Electric Supply Capacity

Ancillary Services

• • • •

Load Following Area Regulation Electric Supply Reserve Capacity Voltage Support

Grid System

• • • •

Transmission Support Transmission Congestion Relief Transmission & Distribution (T&D) Upgrade Deferral Substation On-Site Power

End User/Utility Customer

• • • •

Time-of-use (TOU) Energy Cost Management Demand Charge Management Electric Service Reliability Electric Service Power Quality

Renewables Integration

• Renewables Energy Time-Shift • Renewables Capacity Firming • Wind Generation Grid Integration

Source: Sandia Energy Storage report.

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Slide 12

Storage applications: scales include, generation, transmission and distribution Firming Curtailment Relief Time Shifting

Synthetic Governor & Inertial Response

Distribution System

Transmission Grid

Congestion Relief

Grid Connected Merchant Storage Regulation Balancing Arbitrage

Ancillary Services Energy Arbitrage

Peak Shaving/ Capital Deferral Volt/Var Mgmnt PV Firming Reliability

N-1 Congestion Relief

Synthetic Reserves

Black Start Regulation Balancing Arbitrage

Community Energy Storage Secondary Connected

Community Energy Storage Grid Scale

Distribution Substation

Smoothing Time Arbitrage Reliability Ancillary Services Energy Arbitrage Volt Var Mgmnt

Commercial with BackUp Gen & Storage

Smoothing Time Arbitrage Reliability Ancillary Services Energy Arbitrage Volt Var Mgmnt

Legend •

Red = “Real”, Allowed Today

•

Magenta = Future Possibilities

Industrial CoGen w Storage

Residential Solar-Storage

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Slide | 13

Top Use Cases of Electro-Chemical Storage ■ ■

Use cases span over a large spectrum of applications Based on total number of projects, “Frequency Regulation” and “Renewables integration” appears at two of the 4 top applications •

Source: US Department of Energy database.

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Slide 14

Principales beneficios de aplicación de BESS ■

BESS applications in the power system cover a wide spectrum of services related to generation, transmission or distribution systems • Both at the bulk power system level and at the retail level

■

The main benefits of BESS applications to the power system are related to its bi-directional real and reactive power/energy capabilities • Main benefits are capitalized where the (“+” and “-”) real and reactive power interchanges are needed in an intermittent and relatively small time intervals (from 20 minutes up to 4 to 6 hours)  Renewables capacity firming * Freq Regulation is the only commercial merchant application  Electric Energy and Renewables (time shift) today A 32 MW battery is a 64 MW  Fast response / Frequency regulation * (“+”/ “-”). Reserve because it can go positive or negative to regulate  Inertial response frequency. Generators can only go to about 30% Pmax in order to satisfy the min run requirement.

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Slide 15

Agenda Introducción y principales temas a compartir Panorama de la tecnología y su desarrollo • Breve historia de la evolución del BESS • Principales aplicaciones de BESS – estadísticas del DOE de EE. UU.

Principales características técnicas de BESS • Respuesta de inyección MW más rápida y mejor • Como BESS puede aportar flexibilidad a los sistemas eléctricos

Experiencia de aplicaciones BESS - Historias de éxito BESS como un elemento facilitador de flexibilidad operativa • Regulación de la frecuencia; integración de energías renovables

Conclusiones y siguientes pasos. Confidential & Proprietary | Copyright © 2017

Slide 16

BESS comparison for frequency regulation ■ ■

To optimize the frequency regulation resources, PJM segments the AGC signal into a fast (RegD) and normal (RegA) components. Actual recoding from PJM comparing the effectiveness of a hydro generator and a battery system in following the fast component of the AGC signal (RegD).

PJM technical presentation: “Performance, Mileage and the mileage ratio” Scott Benner, Sr. Engineer, PJM Regulation Market Issues. November 11, 2015. Confidential & Proprietary | Copyright © 2017

Slide 17

Agenda Introducción y principales temas a compartir Panorama de la tecnología y su desarrollo • Breve historia de la evolución del BESS • Principales aplicaciones de BESS – estadísticas del DOE de EE. UU.

Principales características técnicas de BESS • Respuesta de inyección MW más rápida y mejor • Como BESS puede aportar flexibilidad a los sistemas eléctricos

Experiencia de aplicaciones BESS - Historias de éxito BESS como un elemento facilitador de flexibilidad operativa • Regulación de la frecuencia; integración de energías renovables

Conclusiones y siguientes pasos. Confidential & Proprietary | Copyright © 2017

Slide 18

Recent Utility-Scale Projects – Table 1 Project Name

Power/ Energy Rating

Service Description (Application in Red)

Location

COD

Alamitos Energy Storage Array

100 MW/ 400 MWh

AES was awarded a 20 yr PPA by SCE to provide local system resource capacity to ensure power system reliability in Western LA Basin.

Long Beach, CA

2021

Tait Battery Array

40 MW/ n/a

Provide frequency regulation service to PJM, located at Dayton Power &Light’s Tait generation station

Morraine, OH

2013

Invenergy

Grand Ridge Energy Storage

31.5 MW/12.2 MWh

First of Invenergy’s twin projects to provide frequency regulation service in PJM

Marseiles, IL

2015

4

RES Americas

Jake Energy Storage Center

19.8 MW/7.8 MWh

Second of RES America’s twin projects it provide frequency regulation service in PJM

Joliet, IL

2015

5

NextEra Energy

Frontier Energy Storage System

20 MW / n/a

Located at Lee/DeKalb Wind Energy Center in IL, provides freqeuncy regulation service in PJM

Lee/DeKalb

2015

Techachapi Wind Energy

8 MW/32 MWh

Funded by SCE an DOE ARRA grant. Integration of large-scale wind generation.

Tehachapi, CA

2014

Ref

1

2 3

6

Owner AES Energy Storage AES Energy Storage

SCE

7

Sempra

Auwahi Wind Farm

11 MW/4.4 MWh

Performs wind ramp rate management for a 21 MW wind farm located on the island of Maui.

Kula, HI

2012

8

Duke Energy

NoTrees Wind Storage

36 MW/24 MWh

153 MW Notrees Wind farm in western TX, funded by DOE ARRA grant. Wind firming, frequency regulation and voltage support.

Goldsmith, TX

2012

9

AES Gener

Angamos

20 MW (40 MW resource)

Reserve capacity

Mejillones Chile

2012

10

AES Laurel Mountian

Laurel Mountian

32 MW ( 64 MW resource)

Frequency regulation for 20 minutes

Elkins West VA

2011

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Slide 19

Revisión de casos de éxito (Ref 6) Owner:

Size:

Southern California Edison

■

■

■

8 Megawatts / 32 Megawatt Hours

Year installed:

Location:

Tehachapi, CA

2014

Driver of installation: Funded by SCE and a DOE ARRA grant. Will evaluate the performance of BESS to improve grid performance and assist in the integration of large-scale wind generation BESS applications: Wind Generation Grid Integration, Renewables Capacity Firming, Transmission Congestion Relief, T&D Upgrade Deferral, Voltage Support Technical Narrative: The Tehachapi Wind Energy Storage Project was funded by SCE. It has many purposes, including to provide voltage support, grid stabilization, decrease transmission losses, diminish transmission congestion, increase system reliability, defer transmission upgrade, provide system capacity, smooth renewables integration, perform energy time-shift for wind power, regulate frequency, provide ramping, & energy arbitrage. Confidential & Proprietary | Copyright © 2017

Slide 20

Revisión de casos de éxito (Ref 1) Owner:

Size:

AES Energy Storage

■ ■

■

■

■

100 Megawatts / 400 Megawatt - Hours

Year installed:

Location:

Long Beach, CA

2021

Driver of installation: AES was awarded a 20 year PPA by SCE to provide local system capacity to ensure power system reliability in the Western Los Angeles Basin. BESS applications: Electric Supply Capacity Technical Narrative: AES Corporation was awarded a 20 year power purchase agreement from Southern California Edison to provide 100 Megawatts of battery-based energy storage. The awarded power purchase agreement is representative of a new age, being used as an alternative to construction of an additional, traditional peaking plant. SCE reported that of the over 1800 offers submitted for the power purchase agreement including offers for thermal plant construction, energy storage was selected. For the first time, energy storage has been selected in a competitive solicitation with other peak and flexible power capacity alternatives. One location. CEC rules, among other alternatives such as demand response.

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Slide 21

Revisión de casos de éxito (Ref 3) Owner:

Size:

Invenergy

■ ■ ■

■

31.5 Megawatts / 12.2 Megawatt - Hours

Year installed:

Location:

Marseiles, IL

2015

Driver of installation: First of Invenergy’s twin projects to provide frequency regulation in PJM BESS applications: Frequency Regulation, Renewables Capacity Firming, Wind Generation Grid Integration Technical Narrative: Grand Ridge is a three-pronged renewable energy center, having wind, solar, and advanced energy storage all in one location, LaSalle County, Illinois. The Grand Ridge Energy Storage Facility won the Best Renewable Project Award in 2015. In its installation, it was the second largest lithium ion storage system in the world and works at the Grand Ridge center to aid in integrating the renewable sources. Confidential & Proprietary | Copyright © 2017

Slide 22

Revisión de casos de éxito (Ref 9) Owner:

Size:

AES Gener

■

■ ■

■

20 MW (40 MW Resource)

Year installed:

Location:

Mejillones, Chile

2012

Driver of installation: construction on a 544MW thermal power plant in the town of Mejillones in Northern Chile. The plant provides electricity to this important mining region BESS applications: Grid Stabilization Technical Narrative: By meeting the reserve obligations of the plant with this energy storage plant, AES Gener was able to increase the power generation available to its customers from its thermal plant by 20MW, thus generating significant additional revenue. The storage unit has been successfully performing the critical reserve capacity function required since commissioning in December 2011.

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Slide 23

Revisión de casos de éxito (Ref 10) Owner:

■

■

32 MW (64 MW Resource)

Year installed:

Location:

Elkins West VA

2011

Serving for 2 years PJM market as a frequency regulation reserve PJM market • • •

■

AES Laurel Mountain

Size:

Pay for Performance $2040/MW-hr Fast Regulation Signal (RegD) 20 minutes capacity

Used in conjunction with 98 MW wind farm

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Slide 24

Ref

Owner

Project Name

Power/Ener gy Rating

Service Description

Location

COD

Buzen Substation Mitsubishi Electric / NGK Insulators

50 MW / 300 MWh

Renewables Capacity Firming, Frequency Regulation

Fukuoka, Japan

2016

Gyeongsan Substation ESS

48 MW / 12 MWh

Frequency Regulation, Transmission Congestion Relief, Voltage Support

Sinje-ri; S. Korea

2015

Frequency Regulation, Voltage Support

Sendai, Japan

2015

2015

1

Kyushu Electric Power Co.

2

Kepco

3

Tohoku Electric Power Company

Nishi-Sendai Substation

40 MW / 20 MWh

4

National Grid Corp. of the Philippines (NGCP)

AES / National Grid Corp. of the Philippines (Kabankalan)

40 MW / x MWh

Frequency Regulation, Voltage Support

Kabankal an, Philippine s

5

Tohoku Electric Power Company

Minami-Soma Substation - Tohoku Electric

40 MW / 40 MWh

Renewable Capacity Firming, Renewable Time Shift

Minamiso ma, Japan

2015

6

Kepco

Non-Gong Substation ESS - 36 MW ESS KEPCO / Kokam

36 MW / 13 MWh

Frequency Regulation

NonGong, S. Korea

2016

7

Futamata Wind Development Co., Ltd.

Rokkasho Village Wind Farm Futamata Wind Development

34 MW / 234 MWh

Electric Supply Reserve Capacity – Spinning, Renewables Capacity Firming

Rokkasho , Japan

2008

8

Kepco

West-Ansung (SeoAnseong) Substation ESS Pilot Project

28MW / 7 MWh

Frequency Regulation, Transmission Congestion Relief, Voltage Support

Gyeonggi -do S. Korea

2014

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Several Energy Storage Systems in the 50MW / 300MWh ranges are operational in Korea and Japan

Recent Utility-Scale Projects – Table 2

Slide 25

Revisión de casos de éxito (Ref 1) Owner:

■

■

■

Kyushu Electric Power Co.

Size:

Year installed:

Location:

50 MW / 300 MWh

Fukuoka, Japan

2016

The installation of this sodium sulfur battery marked the largest battery based installation system in the world. Its installation purpose was to improve the integration of renewable sources to properly manage supply and demand. One marked staple of this installation is that the batteries are stacked two levels high in individual containers, reducing the footprint of the facility.

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Slide 26

Revisión de casos de éxito (Ref 5) Owner:

Size:

Toshiba Corporation

■ ■

■

Year installed:

Location:

40MW40MWh

MinamiSoma

2016

Driver of installation: Need for increased frequency control near Fukushima BESS applications: Frequency Regulation Technical Narrative: The BESS will improve supply-demand balance with large-capacity power storage systems. The BESS will manage and improve the balance of renewable energy supply and demand, which is subject to weather-influenced output fluctuations, by storing surplus renewably electricity when supply exceeds demand and releasing stored electricity at times of high demand. Confidential & Proprietary | Copyright © 2017

Slide 27

Tehachapi Storage Project (TSP) Purpose:

The area is part of the Tehachapi Wind Resource Area, currently capable of delivering over 2,000 MW of renewable energy

Evaluate capability of utility-scale battery technology to improve grid performance & assist in integration of variable energy resources

Location: Monolith Substation in Tehachapi, CA Partner/ Funding Source: US Department of Energy (DOE) Size: 8 MW/32 MWh Completed: July 2014 Footprint: 6,300 sq. ft. building

Source:

At the time of commissioning, TSP was one of the largest battery energy storage systems in the world

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Slide 28

Aliso Canyon Energy Storage (ACES) Purpose:

Governor Brown’s Emergency Proclamation

Source:

Received CAISO confirmation of Commercial Operation (COD) on 12/30/16

Location:

Ontario, CA Adjacent to SCE’s Mira Loma Peaker & Substation

Design, Build, Transfer Contractor: Tesla

Size: 20 MW/80 MWh Completed: December 2016 Footprint: ~62,000 sq. ft.

“Upon completion, this system will be the largest lithium ion battery storage project in the world. When fully charged, this system will hold enough energy to power more than 2,500 households for a day or charge 1,000 Tesla vehicles.” Source: https://www.tesla.com/blog/addressing-peak-energy-demand-tesla-powerpack

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Slide 29

Agenda Introducción y principales temas a compartir Panorama de la tecnología y su desarrollo • Breve historia de la evolución del BESS • Principales aplicaciones de BESS – estadísticas del DOE de EE. UU.

Principales características técnicas de BESS • Respuesta de inyección MW más rápida y mejor • Como BESS puede aportar flexibilidad a los sistemas eléctricos

Experiencia de aplicaciones BESS - Historias de éxito BESS como un elemento facilitador de flexibilidad operativa • Regulación de la frecuencia; integración de energías renovables

Conclusiones y siguientes pasos. Confidential & Proprietary | Copyright © 2017

Slide 30

Principales beneficios de aplicación de BESS – CAISO (1) Flexible Ramping Needs are Growing in CAISO as the result of renewable sources integration

Source:California ISO. “What the duck curve tells us about managing the green grid.” 2016. https://www.caiso.com/Documents/FlexibleResourcesHelpRenewables_FastFacts.pdf

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Slide 31

Principales beneficios de aplicación de BESS – CAISO (2) Flexible Ramping Needs are Growing in CAISO 16,000

18,000

14,000

16,000

12,000

14,000

10,000

12,000

8,000

10,000

6,000

8,000

4,000 2,000 0

Jan

Feb

Mar

2011

Apr

May

2012

Jun

2013

Jul

Aug

2014

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

2018

0

Max 3-Hour Down Ramps, MW

-2,000 -4,000

Hourly Net Load Ramps, MW

Max 3-Hour Up Ramps, MW

18,000

6,000 4,000 2,000 0 -2,000 -4,000 -6,000

-8,000 -10,000

-6,000

-12,000

-8,000

-14,000

-10,000 -12,000 -14,000 Jan

Feb

Mar

2011

Apr 2012

May

Jun

2013

Jul

Aug

2014

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

2018

Source: CAISO

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Slide 32

Principales beneficios de aplicación de BESS Fast Frequecy Response Unit Trip

Normal Operating State

60.00

Synchronous Inertia and FFR

Rebound with Primary Response, Governor Responsive Control

DER Trip Offline – IEEE 1547

59.90

Hz

Secondary Response, AGC

59.80

Recovery Mode Protection and Stage 1 UFLS

59.70 Vulnerable State

59.60

NERC IFRO - Minimum

59.50

UFLS, Protection Mode (Equipment Damage), Instability 59.40

T-10

T-5

0

T+5

T+10

T+15

T+20

Source: NERC

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Slide 34

Principales beneficios de aplicación de BESS Synchronous Inertia is Declining in ERCOT (Texas) 5

x 10 3.4 3.2 3 2.8

Kinetic energy, MWs

2.6 2.4 2.2 2 1.8 1.6 1.4 1.2 1 0.8 0.6 2010

2011

2012

2013

2014

2015

ERCOT Historic Kinetic Energy Boxplots (2010–2017)

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2016

2017

* ERCOT

Slide 34

Introducción y principales temas a compartir ■

Que es flexibilidad en la operación? • Definido

■

Hasta que punto BESS pueden incrementar la flexibilidad de los sistemas eléctricos de potencia? • … Alex Apostolov, PAC World Magazine… “it depends”

■

Son BESS la “panacea*” de los sistemas de potencia modernos? • No…

■

Cuales son los “ingredientes típicos” para que un proyecto BESS sea técnico y económico y regulatoriamente efectivo? • BESS are not traditional G/T/D assets  They are flexible as can interchange (+/-) MW and MVArs

• BESS are most effective when they can be optimally placed where a little bit of Energy Storage can solve a BIG problems”  Peak shaving…. UK example

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Slide 35

Introducción y principales temas a compartir ■

Peak shaving example • A current example in the UK that • This has been implemented many times in the USA…

The result of peak shaving in the UK Network, before and after storage. Source. T&D World magazine. April 2017

■

Frequency regulation – PJM • Fue una larga e interesante historia • La meta es hacer el mercado mas efectivo, e implementar cambios de eficiencia operativa – técnico y económico…

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Slide 36

BESS como elemento de flexibilidad ■

Focused approach

Energy Operations Planning Renewable Generation

Flexible Energy Systems

Distribution expansion

Generation Expansion

Transmission expansion planning

Distributed Generation

Demand as active actor Energy Planning

Confidential & Proprietary | Copyright © 2017

Fuente: Visión de la Planeación de Sistemas de Energía Flexible. 2012-2013. Proyecto para XM realizado por Quanta Technology. Slide 37

A donde va USA y otros países en el tema de BESS? ■

BEES is probably not the best option for • large scale, long hours gen capacity expansion. • standard T&D upgrades. Change out a 100 MVA transformer. • to replace a new transmission line.

■

BEES has proven to be effective for • for intermittent generation operations, 30 min to 6 hours.  Avoid a peaker generation (only used 100 hrs in the day)

• for marginal upgrades requirements. 5-15% of the installed T&D capacity, 2 MW of 25 MVA, 10 MW of 100 MVA… • for transmission congestion, marginal amounts to mitigate the congestion, during a few hours (3 to 5) ■

BESS are most effective when they can be optimally placed where a little bit of energy storage can solve BIG problems • 5 – 15 % of the installation nominal capacity

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Slide 38

Introducción y principales temas a compartir ■

■

A donde va Colombia con la evaluación e implementación de esta tecnología? Como podemos seguir avanzando? • Lo mejor esta por venir

Generation

BESS Distribution

Transmission

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Slide 39

GRACIAS POR SU ATENCION! Dr. David Elizondo Quanta Technology, LLC 4020 Westchase Blvd., Suite 300 Raleigh, NC 27607 Direct: +1 919-334-3089 Mobile: +1 919-455-7567 [email protected]

5/17/2017

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40

BONUS SLIDES

5/17/2017

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41

Introduction to the types of storage ■

Energy storage systems can be classified in four main types*

Source: Technology Overview Electricity Storage. ISEA Germany.

■

The project focus on chemical storage

* Short duration storage system is defined as ‘seconds to minutes,’ typically less than 15 minutes of discharge. A medium duration, ‘daily’ storage system typically can discharge for 1-10 hours. A Long duration discharge can store energy for 50-500 hours.

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Slide 42

Overview of Global Energy Storage Projects ■

■

■

Global installed base of thermal, mechanical, and chemical reached 6.6GW in 2016.

Excluding pumped hydro

Thermal storage* about half the installed base.

Chemical storage is the fastest growing technology.

Source: US Department of Energy database.

* The use of hot water tanks is a well known technology for thermal energy storage. Source: Energy Conservation through Energy Storage (ECES) Programme, International Energy Agency, Brochure: http://www.iea-eces.org/fi les/090525_broschuere_ eces.pdf

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Slide 43

Distribution Energy Storage Integration (DESI) 1 Purpose: Support the circuit during peak loads Location: Orange, CA

BESS Enclosure – houses batteries Communications – supports controls and data transfers remotely

Partner/Site Host: National Oilwell Varco Facility

Power Conversion System – converts DC to AC power

Size: 2.4 MW / 3.9 MWh Completed: May 2015 Footprint: ~1,600 sq. ft.

Source:

Battery energy storage systems are comprised of 5 main components

12 kV/480 V Transformer – steps voltage up or down Switchgear –

connects to distribution system

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Slide 44

Current and Past UOS Projects 1

2 4 7

Source:

5

3 6

Tehachapi Storage Project Distributed Energy Storage Integration

1 Large-scale Energy Storage (8MW/32MWh – Q3 2014) •

Evaluate a utility scale lithium-ion battery’s ability to increase grid performance & integrate wind generation

2 Distributed Energy Storage Integration 1 (DESI 1) Pilot Program (2.4MW/3.9MWh – Q2 2015) •

Deploy energy storage on the distribution system to solve a challenge or for economic benefit

3 Large Commercial PLS Program (100kW/500kWh – Q4 2014) •

Irvine Smart Grid Demo Decommissioned

Aliso Canyon Energy Storage

Evaluate energy storage for large commercial customer Permanent Load Shifting

4 Large Distributed Energy Storage (2MW/500kWh units – Q1 2014) •

Evaluate containerized battery systems in field trials

5 Community Energy Storage (25kW/50kWh – Q3 2013) •

Evaluate system ability to enhance circuit efficiency, resilience, and reliability

6 Residential Home Energy Storage Unit (4kW/10kWh – Q3 2013) •

Evaluate home storage integration with customer HAN, smart appliances, PV, PEV, etc.

7 Aliso Canyon Energy Storage (ACES) Mira Loma (20MW/80MWh – Q4 2016) •

Installed per CPUC Resolution E-4791 - systems bid into the CAISO market for day ahead and real time dispatch Pilot/Demo Confidential & Proprietary | Copyright © 2017

Generation Asset Slide 45

Principales beneficios de aplicación de BESS ■ ■

BESS applications can be seen as a transformative technology. Battery Technology has several advantages that may influence the investment decision including:

Renewable Integration • Enables Higher Renewable Penetration Modularity & Transportability

• Incremental Investment • Lower Risk

Value Stacking

• Local Capacity • Grid Reliability • Ancillary Services

Competitiveness

• Urban Areas • Battery Cost Roadmap

Confidential & Proprietary | Copyright © 2017

Slide 46